POLY UREA

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1. Superiority of this material

• Fast, consistent reactivity - no catalysts
• Relatively insensitive to environmental processing
• Excellent mechanical properties
• Great adhesion to a variety of substrates
• 100% solids formulations: WFT = DFT

2. Superiority of lining with this material

• Fast cure: minimal downtime
• Extended working season
• Flexible: bridges cracks and crevices
• Unlimited liner thickness
• Resistant to most chemicals
• Impact and abrasion resistant
• No solvents, No VOC’s, No odor

3. Polyurea Spray Eastomer Systems

ASTM Test	Typical Physical Properties
Shore Hardness	Shore A 30 to Shore D 65
Elongation, %	Up to 800
Tensile strength, psi	Up to 4000
Tear strength, psi	250 - 600
100% Modulus, psi	900 - 2000
300% Modulus, psi	1000 - 3000
Taber Abrasion, mg (1000 gms, 1000 revs, H-18 wheels)	loss < 200
Flexibility / Crack Bridging, -26°C	> 1/8 inch, pass
Moisture Vapor Transmission,perms @ 30 mils	0.025
CLTE	13.4 X 10-5 / ° C
Dielectric constant, 1Mhz	3.5 - 4.5
Gel time, sec	2013-02-15
Tack free, sec	10 - 60
Open to traffic, hours	1
Elcometer Adhesion, psi
concrete, dry	400
concrete, primed	> 1000
steel, 2 mil blast	> 2000

4. Feature of Coefficient of thermal expansion

• Coefficient of Linear Thermal Expansion(CLTE): ASTM C-531
• It's safety on Linear expansion with the temperature change since the Poly urea covers coefficient of thermal expansion of the steel as below chart.

Stuff	㎛ / m -ºC
Polyurea, typical	4 - 13
Steel	12 - 13
Concrete	9 - 11
Glass	8 - 10
Plywood	5 - 6
Vinyl Ester	18 - 20
FRP	27 - 29
Polyurethane, typical	100 - 150
Epoxy	35 - 55
UHMW PE	22 - 31





5. Bursting strength test

• Method of test: Prepare the 2 sets of pipe that is 2" flange (Type: WNRF(Welding Neck Raised Face)) welded to 1.875" (4.7625mm) Pipe. And insert the poly urea liner of each size between two flanges, and fasten it with bolts. Then raise the pressure with hydro into one side of pipe sets. Then the liner on other side of empty pipe is expanded and then ruptured.
• Result of Test: This test is for measuring Bursting strength of Poly urea liner of each size through the leak hall of 47mm which is raised on deteriorated pipeline. Is appears it can endure the pressure of 44.8 bar with 4.2418mm liner thickness. Generally the pressure of water pipeline is 15kgf/㎠, it can block the leak hall with minimum lining thickness

Sample name	Maximum burst		Thickness (in)
	psig	bar	inch	mm
GSS	157	10.8	0.075	1.905
	163	11.2	0.067	1.7018
GHS	124	8.5	0.074	1.8796
	166	11.4	0.088	2.2352
BSS	650	44.8	0.167	4.2418





6. Comparison of the coefficient of friction: Manning coefficient of friction

There can be the reduction of bore size by the lining thickness because the Coefficient of friction of Ploy urea is too low by 0.009 ? 0.011. However, the flow speed is faster and the flow ability is improved.

                    Coefficient of Friction: Manning

Coefficient of Friction
ASTMD 1898, stainless steel platen
	Smooth finish	0.147-0.15
	Orange peel	0.25-0.40
	Textured	0.40-0.75
	Polyrthylene(reference)	0.20
ASTMD 2047, dry & wet leather
		Dry	Wet
	Smooth	0.85	0.64
	Medium texture	0.93	>1.20
	Heavy texture	0.93	>1.20
Manning Coefficient : Polyurea		0.009-0.011